Search results for "Social Factor"
showing 10 items of 35 documents
A Genre Approach to Electronic Rapid Responses from the Online British Medical Journal
2015
El contínuo crecimiento de las comunicaciones electrónicas en las ciencias médicas ha creado nuevas esferas de interacción en las que sus participantes evalúan las contribuciones científicas realizadas por otros expertos. El presente estudio se aborda como caso práctico de Análisis de Discurso Comparativo. En la tradición del Análisis del Discurso, y del Análisis de Género, la presente tesis procede inicialmente a caracterizar cuantitativamente, en términos de frecuencia, un corpus de Respuestas Rápidas Electrónicas (e-RRs) en la revista British Medical Journal (thebmj.com) para, a continuación, proceder al estudio de las diferencias en la organización del discurso de dos subgéneros médicos…
Social factors related to the clinical severity of influenza cases in Spain during the A (H1N1) 2009 virus pandemic
2013
Abstract Background During the 2009 influenza pandemic, a change in the type of patients most often affected by influenza was observed. The objective of this study was to assess the role of individual and social determinants in hospitalizations due to influenza A (H1N1) 2009 infection. Methods We studied hospitalized patients (cases) and outpatients (controls) with confirmed influenza A (H1N1) 2009 infection. A standardized questionnaire was used to collect data. Variables that might be related to the hospitalization of influenza cases were compared by estimation of the odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) and the variables entered into binomial logistic regression models. Resu…
A cross-sectional study of low physical fitness, self-rated fitness and psychosocial factors in a sample of Finnish 18- to 64-year-old men
2013
Background. The biological risk factors of inactivity and poor cardiorespiratory fitness are well established. However, risk groups are hard to reach and they may have misperceptions of their need for change. This study explored self-ratings of physical fitness (PF) and the relationship between objectively estimated physical fitness (PFI) and psychosocial factors among Finnish men of working-age. Methods. Cross-sectional data on 899 Finnish men (aged 18–64) were collected in 2011. Health- related physical fitness was evaluated with a physical fitness index calculated from the results of selected fitness tests. The men were subsequently classified into three groups: low, moderate and high PF…
Symptoms of adjustment disorder and smoking predict long-term functional outcome after ankle and lower leg fracture
2020
Objective To examine the psychological, social, behavioural and injury-related factors impacting functional outcome in patients with ankle or lower limb fracture one year post-operation. Methods In this prospective study 66 patients with ankle or lower leg fracture were recruited and followed up one year post-operation. Possible associations between predictors and functional outcome were explored by regression analyses. Functional outcome was assessed with the American Orthopedic Foot and Ankle Society Ankle-Hindfoot Score. Results Linear regression models revealed that smoking and elevated symptoms of adjustment disorder were associated with lower functional outcome one year post-operation…
Perception of Well-Being and Quality of Life in Obese Patients After Bariatric Surgery
2022
Bariatric surgery is the treatment of choice for effective weight reduction in patients with morbid obesity. The influence of the surgery, mostly consisting of laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy, on mental health is less clear. This study aims to define the influence of bariatric surgery on the perception of well-being and the general quality of life in obese patients. This is a study in which 52 obese patients, 90% of whom are women, were surveyed for the long-term persistence of weight reduction, physical activity, mood, perception of self-confidence, self-worth, and other psycho-socio-emotional factors relating to the general quality of life before and after bariatric surgery. We confirmed …
Prevalence of Cognitive Frailty, Do Psychosocial-Related Factors Matter?
2020
Cognitive frailty (CF) is a topic of growing interest with implications for the study of preventive interventions in aging. Nevertheless, little research has been done to assess the influence of psychosocial variables on the risk of CF. Our objectives were to estimate the prevalence of CF in a Spanish sample and to explore the influence of psychosocial variables in this prevalence. Physical frailty and cognitive, functional, psychosocial, and socio-demographic aspects were assessed in a sample of 285 participants over 60 years. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression models were carried out. A prevalence of 21.8% (95% CI 17.4&ndash
Timing in methods for studying psychosocial factors at work
2014
In the present chapter we focus on time lags in panel studies investigating psychosocial factors and stressor-strain relationships. First, a framework of theoretical reasons for choosing specific time lags is provided, which is based on the work by Frese and Zapf (Methodological issues in the study of work stress: objective vs. subjective measurement of work stress and the question of longitudinal studies. In: Cooper CL, Payne R (eds) Causes, coping and consequences of stress at work. Wiley, Chichester, pp 375–411, 1988). Although this theoretical framework provides a clear rationale for time intervals, researchers are frequently mistaken using it to derive appropriate time lags. Second, an…
2016 European Guidelines on cardiovascular disease prevention in clinical practice The Sixth Joint Task Force of the European Society of Cardiology a…
2016
ABI : ankle–brachial (blood pressure) index ABPM : ambulatory blood pressure monitoring ACCORD : Action to Control Cardiovascular Risk in Diabetes ACE-I : angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor ACS : acute coronary syndromes ADVANCE : Action in Diabetes and Vascular disease: PreterAx
Work-related and personal predictors of COVID-19 transmission: evidence from the UK and USA
2021
ObjectiveTo develop evidence of work-related and personal predictors of COVID-19 transmission.Setting and respondentsData are drawn from a population survey of individuals in the USA and UK conducted in June 2020.Background methodsRegression models are estimated for 1467 individuals in which reported evidence of infection depends on work-related factors as well as a variety of personal controls.ResultsThe following themes emerge from the analysis. First, a range of work-related factors are significant sources of variation in COVID-19 infection as indicated by self-reports of medical diagnosis or symptoms. This includes evidence about workplace types, consultation about safety and union memb…
Transformations and new Professional and Academic Perspectives of Health Psychology
2013
Se realiza una visión de la Psicología de la Salud en tres grandes momentos. Uno inicial que se puede denominar como profesional, en el que los psicólogos se introducen en el campo de la salud, junto a los profesionales de la medicina y desarrollan un campo específico, intentando relacionar aspectos psicológicos con aspectos biomédicos. Un segundo momento, que denominamos lego, en el sentido de que la salud se convierte en un tema de responsabilidad de las personas. A niveles académicos coincide con la construcción social de la salud como enfoque dominante. Por último, un tercer momento que está en marcha actualmente, es la homogeneización o esquemas de integración de los servicios de salud…